(ten,1528) = 5.11, P Table 5 Overall tick burden and tick burden by categories of the temperature-humidity index (means ± standard errors) in four Colombian cattle breeds
Dialogue
You will find a light level of analysis throughout the literary works on the tick weight in the cows for warm nations throughout the Americas. Really knowledge about point had been done in subtropical countries instance Southern Africa [8, 15], places which have tall large temperatures eg Egypt and Pakistan , and many tropical regions including Tanzania and you will Nigeria . Tick load is frequently reported having fun with turned studies, that renders effects assessment to possess real tick load difficult to translate. This study reveals the genuine tick burden and its own reference to heat worry indicator inside the five Bos taurus breeds situated in three additional geographical areas of Colombia (the new Caribbean, Andean and you may Orinoquia countries). Tick load during these Colombian cattle breeds was less than one used in an experiment playing with steers grazing on the Meta department (Orinoquia region). Likewise, the typical tick weight based in the four Colombian types when you look at the all of our try out (17.4 ± 24.6) is gloomier than simply that found in almost every other exotic regions such the fresh B. indicus Meru crossbred inside Tanzania (37.5 ± 11.8) and many B. indicus cows populations (Light Fulani and you may Bunaji breeds as well as their crossbreds) in Nigeria (twenty two ± step one.4) . The different cattle breeds, grass types, grazing management, herding system, climate and you can ecological aspects of clicks might explain the highest tick load found in this type of almost every other training.
Tick delivery toward cows government
The fresh tick burden into rump and tail of SM (seven.dos ± several.2), ROMO (5.8 ± ten.2) and you will CCC (nine.4 ± fifteen.1) cows was higher than the fresh new tick load on the buttocks ft, stomach and flanks (1.0 ± dos.4, 4.six ± six.9 and you will 7.2 ± 11.step 1, respectively). This type of efficiency trust the individuals gotten by inside the Nguni cattle. This type of writers discovered that the tick burden on end and you may perineum are more than the newest tick load to the belly in the season. A reduced tick burden in the BON, ROMO and CCC cattle is noticed towards kissbrides.com bu siteye gГ¶z atД±n the lead and you can shoulder accompanied by the trunk and you will loin. Likewise, Asmaa mais aussi al. found that a decreased amount of ticks had been observed within the eyes, shoulder and chest. Presses choose hidden and you can loving anatomical zones towards the animal human anatomy . And therefore, an appropriate environment to own tick emergency try within the end and perineum, maybe describing the brand new large number regarding clicks seen within these looks areas. At the same time, the rear legs, udder, tummy, fore and you can bottom flank be a little more confronted by turf, hence without difficulty achieved of the presses. This really is exactly why we observed a premier proportion of the total tick burden during these human body zones.
Different types of turf and paddocks in which this type of animals offer you may end in variations in tick burden of the anatomical areas. That is substantiated by the equivalent part of tick weight by anatomical areas seen for the ROMO and CCC breeds, that have been found at a comparable experimental station and was basically provided with the exact same brand of yard. In contrast, the brand new tick load because of the anatomical area is quite more into the BON and you can SM types, that is simply said from the a new ecosystem.
Sex, many years and you may live pounds
The greater tick weight present in females will follow the outcome from Rehman ainsi que al. into the Pakistani cattle, in which people had a substantially higher tick weight than simply men. Additionally, there’s a higher frequency regarding tick infestation in females (58.7%) than in men (41.5%) within the Egyptian cattle . On top of that, zero significant differences have been located towards infestation incidence out-of Roentgen. microplus ranging from gents and ladies during the Indian cows and Mexican cattle . From the experimental stations where in fact the cows for the studies was indeed left, bulls acquired preferential administration since they got sleeping episodes till the start of the second breeding season, and you may was assigned from inside the paddocks with a lower life expectancy equipping speed. Having said that, cattle were usually remaining on highest stocking pricing. Why these requirements obtained from the bulls throughout the particular months of the seasons you will identify the reason we discover a lower life expectancy tick load when you look at the men as compared to people in our investigation.